![]() Hydrochloric acid also contains hydrogen ions, this time accompanied by chloride ions, Cl -(aq). In addition, dilute sulfuric acid contains sulfate ions, SO 4 2-(aq). Why are they so similar when you are producing two different things?Īcids in solution contain hydrogen ions, H +(aq). The reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid looks exactly the same, but this time magnesium chloride is produced. Magnesium reacts with dilute sulfuric acid to give a colourless gas, hydrogen, and a colourless solution of magnesium sulfate. Taking a closer look at two of the metals commonly reacted with acids Note: Although you are unlikely to meet the problem at this level, you should know that nitric acid behaves differently, for reasons we wil touch on further down this page. Remember that a salt is formed when the hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal or an ammonium group. If you can recognise patterns like this, it makes life much easier than trying to learn each one separately.įor most acids: metal + acid salt + hydrogen Most metals react to give hydrogen and a colourless solution, but iron gives a very pale green solution. Note: When you are trying to remember descriptions of reactions, find the general pattern, and then just learn those which are different.įor example, remember that reactions get faster the further up the Reactivity Series you go, but that aluminium is very slow to start with and then speeds up. You should be able to write equations for all of the reactions mentioned on that page. You should be able to describe all of the reactions mentioned on that page. Of the metals above hydrogen, reactivity increases the further up the reactivity series you go.Ī reaction with dilute sulfuric acid gives a metal sulfate and hydrogen.Ī reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid gives a metal chloride and hydrogen. Metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series react with acids those below hydrogen in the reactivity series don't. ![]() ![]() What you should be comfortable with before you go on Use the back button on your browser to return here when you are happy with that. If you haven't very recently read the page the reactions between metals and acids in that section, go and read it before you continue with this page. This page expands on work already covered in the Reactivity Series section and assumes you are already familiar with the reactions between metals and acids from that. Copper does not react fast and will not evolve any visible hydrogen gas during a lecture period.Reactions between metals and dilute acids Here three acids are placed in hydrochloric acid. Many metals react with acids to form salts. The crystallization dishes work well if presenting the demo on the overhead. Hint: If using the test tube racks or hydrometer cylinders, cover with enough acid (a couple of inches at least) so that the bubbles are obvious, making their up through the solution. Set-up #1: 3 test tubes in test tube rackĪdd HCl to just more than cover each metal.Test tubes, hydrometer cylinders or crystallization dishes, 3 each. The hydrogen reaction product is flammable.Hydrochloric acid is corrosive and toxic.Magnesium, mossy zinc and copper foil are reacted with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas and a salt. Facility Announcements & Equipment Logbooks.Additional Info for Prospective Students.
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